Are We Encouraged to Love or to Take Vengeance?

In this article, you will learn how Numbers 25:16 contradicts Exodus 20:13, Matthew 5:44, Romans 12:19, Proverbs 24:17 and Ezekiel 33:11. Find the translations at the bottom of the page..

The Bible, an ancient text held sacred by many, is often seen as a source of moral guidance. However, it contains verses that can appear contradictory, leaving readers to wonder about the nature of justice and compassion as prescribed in these texts.

In the book of Numbers, God speaks to Moses with an important directive. Numbers 25:16 serves as a preamble to a call for action against the Midianites, implying divine approval for taking vengeance. This call for violence seems at odds with what is commanded elsewhere in the Bible, sparking a deep moral and theological conversation.

Consider Exodus 20:13, where a clear commandment is given: "Thou shalt not kill." This is one of the Ten Commandments, the bedrock of moral law. How do we reconcile a directive not to kill with instructions in Numbers that might require it? Similarly, Matthew 5:44 instructs followers to "Love your enemies," suggesting a path of compassion rather than retribution. Yet, the actions against the Midianites are anything but loving.

Further complicating the picture, Romans 12:19 states, "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord." This leaves the act of vengeance in God's hands, not humanity’s. Proverbs 24:17 advises against finding joy in the downfall of one's enemies, cautioning that delight in vengeance could lead us astray from moral integrity.

Lastly, Ezekiel 33:11 expresses God's reluctance in the "death of the wicked," challenging any interpretation that might see punitive actions as a cause for divine satisfaction.

These contrasting verses could be seen as a parent telling their child both not to fight and also to stand up and retaliate in self-defense. The two lessons serve different contexts, yet are difficult to reconcile when interpreted literally. So, how should followers understand and harmonize these ancient texts that whisper both of mercy and judgment?