Contradiction with Isaiah 14:1
This verse speaks of the Lord having compassion on Jacob and choosing Israel again, whereas Jeremiah 51:37 predicts desolation for Babylon without hope of restoration.
Isaiah 14:1: For the LORD will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land: and the strangers shall be joined with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob.
Contradiction with Isaiah 44:26
Here, God promises to restore Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, which contrasts with Jeremiah 51:37's promise of perpetual desolation for Babylon.
Isaiah 44:26: That confirmeth the word of his servant, and performeth the counsel of his messengers; that saith to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be inhabited; and to the cities of Judah, Ye shall be built, and I will raise up the decayed places thereof: [decayed...: Heb. wastes]
Contradiction with Ezekiel 36:33-36
This passage discusses the restoration of Israel's cities and land, whereas Jeremiah 51:37 declares that Babylon will become a heap and a dwelling for dragons, suggesting no such restoration.
Ezekiel 36:33-36: Thus saith the Lord GOD; In the day that I shall have cleansed you from all your iniquities I will also cause [you] to dwell in the cities, and the wastes shall be builded.
Contradiction with Isaiah 54:7-8
God promises brief abandonment followed by everlasting kindness, which is in contrast to the complete and irreversible destruction of Babylon described in Jeremiah 51:37.
Isaiah 54:7-8: For a small moment have I forsaken thee; but with great mercies will I gather thee.
Contradiction with Jeremiah 31:38-40
This section foretells the rebuilding of Jerusalem from its ruins, which stands in opposition to the fate of Babylon as mentioned in Jeremiah 51:37, which is to remain desolate forever.
Jeremiah 31:38-40: Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that the city shall be built to the LORD from the tower of Hananeel unto the gate of the corner.