Contradiction with Numbers 1:20-46
The detailed counts of other tribes around this passage could contradict the notion of censuses or the differing numbers compared to other accounts.
Numbers 1:20-46: And the children of Reuben, Israel's eldest son, by their generations, after their families, by the house of their fathers, according to the number of the names, by their polls, every male from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war;
Contradiction with 2 Samuel 24:1-2
This passage describes God’s anger kindled against Israel for taking a census, which contrasts with the command in Numbers.
2 Samuel 24:1-2: And again the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he moved David against them to say, Go, number Israel and Judah.
Contradiction with 1 Chronicles 21:1-2
Here, Satan incites David to number Israel, presenting a contrast where taking a census is portrayed negatively.
1 Chronicles 21:1-2: And Satan stood up against Israel, and provoked David to number Israel.