Contradiction with Numbers 1:47
The absence of the tribe of Levi from the count contradicts the notion of a complete census mentioned in Numbers 1:45.
Numbers 1:47: But the Levites after the tribe of their fathers were not numbered among them.
Contradiction with Numbers 3:39
This verse gives a different total number for the Levites than what would be expected from Numbers 1:45's census of all Israelite men.
Numbers 3:39: All that were numbered of the Levites, which Moses and Aaron numbered at the commandment of the LORD, throughout their families, all the males from a month old and upward, [were] twenty and two thousand.
Contradiction with Deuteronomy 10:22
This verse mentions seventy ancestors of the Israelites in Egypt, which contrasts with the large numbers presented in Numbers 1:45.
Deuteronomy 10:22: Thy fathers went down into Egypt with threescore and ten persons; and now the LORD thy God hath made thee as the stars of heaven for multitude.
Contradiction with Judges 20:15
The number of warriors from the tribe of Benjamin differs from the figures in Numbers 1:45 for all tribes.
Judges 20:15: And the children of Benjamin were numbered at that time out of the cities twenty and six thousand men that drew sword, beside the inhabitants of Gibeah, which were numbered seven hundred chosen men.
Contradiction with 2 Samuel 24:9
The census conducted by Joab for King David results in a different number than that in Numbers 1:45.
2 Samuel 24:9: And Joab gave up the sum of the number of the people unto the king: and there were in Israel eight hundred thousand valiant men that drew the sword; and the men of Judah [were] five hundred thousand men.
Contradiction with 1 Chronicles 21:5
The figures from David’s census provided here contradict the totals found in Numbers 1:45.
1 Chronicles 21:5: And Joab gave the sum of the number of the people unto David. And all [they of] Israel were a thousand thousand and an hundred thousand men that drew sword: and Judah [was] four hundred threescore and ten thousand men that drew sword.